Inglés · Acceso UNED 25/45 · Ficha 2 de 12
La voz pasiva
Cae en casi todos los exámenes y es de las más fáciles de dominar: siempre es el verbo «to be» más un participio. Aquí aprendes la receta y a elegir la forma de «be» según el tiempo.
Qué te preguntan
Revisadas las preguntas de los 24 exámenes de Inglés. Cada examen es un test de 20 preguntas con tres opciones.
| Convocatoria | Pregunta en el examen |
|---|---|
| Septiembre 2026 | Seleccione la opción correcta: |
| Septiembre 2025 | Seleccione la opción correcta: |
| Mayo-Junio 2025 | Seleccione la opción correcta: |
| Septiembre 2024 | Seleccione la opción correcta: |
| Mayo-Junio 2024 | Seleccione la opción correcta: |
| Septiembre 2023 | Seleccione la opción correcta: |
1Qué es y cómo se forma
El que recibe la acción pasa a ser el sujeto.
- Lo que recibe la acción («Jurassic Park») pasa al principio.
- «Directed» está en pasado simple: ponemos was + participio directed.
- Quien la hizo va al final con «by»: Jurassic Park was directed by Steven Spielberg..
2El tiempo lo marca «be»
Cambiando solo el auxiliar be, cambia el tiempo de toda la frase.
| Tiempo | Pasiva | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| Presente simple | am / is / are + participio | English is spoken all over the world. |
| Pasado simple | was / were + participio | The office was shown to me yesterday. |
| Presente perfecto | has / have been + participio | The shop has been refurbished. |
| Futuro | will be + participio | The actress will be interviewed. |
| Modal (can, must...) | can / must be + participio | The gardens can be cleaned. |
| Presente continuo | is / are being + participio | The spy is being questioned. |
| Pasado continuo | was / were being + participio | The skyscraper was being built. |
3Las tres trampas de forma
Casi todas las opciones erróneas del examen son estas.
| Antes hay... | Se usa | Ejemplo correcto |
|---|---|---|
| un modal: will, can, must, may | be | will be invited, can be cleaned |
| has / have / had | been | has been asked |
| is / are / was / were (en continuo) | being | is being built |
4Preguntas, negativas y dos objetos
El orden no cambia, solo se mueve el primer auxiliar.
| Forma | Ejemplo | |
|---|---|---|
| Negativa | primer auxiliar + not | Students must not be given too much homework. |
| Pregunta | primer auxiliar al principio | Has that girl been asked about it? |
- Si pasa al principio la persona: Danny is asked a question by Kevin..
- Si pasa la cosa: A question is asked to Danny by Kevin..
- Las dos valen. No vale dejar el verbo en activa y poner «by» (Danny asks a question by Kevin).
5Problemas reales: be + participio en cada tiempo
Se elige el auxiliar de be según el tiempo y el verbo va siempre en participio.
- A) The skyscraper is being built last year.
- B) The skyscraper was being built last year. ✓
- C) The skyscraper will be built last year.
- «Last year» marca pasado. Se busca una pasiva en pasado: was / were + participio.
- «Was being built» (pasado continuo pasivo) es la única opción en pasado. is being es presente y will be es futuro.
- A) Students must not been given too much homework.
- B) Students must not be give too much homework.
- C) Students must not be given too much homework. ✓
- Después de un modal (must) la pasiva es be + participio.
- Participio de give: given. «Been given» y «be give» están mal.
- A) My cousin Mary will be invited to the royal wedding. ✓
- B) My cousin Mary will being invited to the royal wedding.
- C) My cousin Mary will been invited to the royal wedding.
- Con will la pasiva es will be + participio: will be invited.
- «Will been» y «will being» no existen: detrás de un modal siempre va el verbo en base be.
- A) My boss will been supported by the rest of staff in all her decisions.
- B) My boss will be supported by the rest of the staff in all her decisions. ✓
- C) My boss will being supported by the rest of the staff in all her decisions.
- Misma estructura con will: will be supported.
- Se descarta «will been» y «will being».
- A) The actress will been interviewed by the journalist.
- B) The actress will be interviewed by the journalist. ✓
- C) The actress will being interviewed by the journalist.
- Con «The actress» y will: will be interviewed.
- A) My coat will be altered by an expert dressmaker. ✓
- B) My coat will being altered by an expert dressmaker.
- C) My coat will been altered by an expert dressmaker.
- Con will la pasiva lleva be y el participio de alter: will be altered.
- A) Kensington Palace will redecorate next week.
- B) Kensington Palace will be redecorated next week. ✓
- C) Kensington Palace will been redecorated next week.
- El palacio no se redecora solo: alguien lo redecorará. Es pasiva: will be redecorated.
- «Will redecorate» sería activa (el palacio redecora algo) y «will been» no existe.
- A) The church gardens can been cleaned this week.
- B) The church gardens can be cleaned this week. ✓
- C) The church gardens can being cleaned this week.
- Con can la pasiva es can be + participio: can be cleaned.
- A) The museum can be visit everyday.
- B) The museum can been visited everyday.
- C) The museum can be visited everyday. ✓
- Con can va be y el participio visited.
- «Can be visit» (sin -ed) y «can been» están mal.
- A) That Soviet spy is been enquired by Scotland Yard.
- B) That Soviet spy is being enquired by Scotland Yard. ✓
- C) That Soviet spy is be enquired by Scotland Yard.
- Presente continuo pasivo (se está haciendo ahora): is being + participio.
- Es la única opción con «being» detrás de «is»: is being enquired. «Is been» y «is be» no existen.
6Problemas reales: pasado, presente y presente perfecto
Se mira la pista de tiempo y se elige la forma de be que toca.
- A) The office building was shown to me by the boss yesterday. ✓
- B) The office building is shown to me by the boss yesterday.
- C) The office building is being shown to me by the boss yesterday.
- «Yesterday» marca pasado: was shown.
- «Is shown» y «is being shown» son presente, no encajan con «yesterday».
- A) is growed
- B) are growed
- C) is grown ✓
- El café se cultiva (es una verdad general): presente simple pasivo, is + participio.
- Participio irregular de grow: grown. «Growed» no existe. «Coffee» es singular: is.
- A) making
- B) maked
- C) made ✓
- Después de is va el participio de make: made.
- «Making» es -ing y «maked» no existe (es irregular).
- A) is spoken ✓
- B) speaks
- C) is speak
- El inglés «es hablado» en todo el mundo: is spoken.
- «Speaks» es activa y «is speak» le falta el participio.
- A) is corrected ✓
- B) corrects
- C) is correct
- Aparece «by the teacher» (por el profesor): es pasiva. is corrected.
- «Corrects» es activa y «is correct» significa «es correcto».
- A) This has been decided today. ✓
- B) This had been decide two years ago.
- C) This had being dedided two years ago.
- «Today» → presente perfecto pasivo: has been + participio: has been decided.
- Las otras usan «had» con «decide» sin -d o con «being»: ambas mal.
- A) The shop has been refurbished this afternoon. ✓
- B) The shop has been refurbish this afternoon.
- C) The shop has being refurbished this afternoon.
- «This afternoon» (hoy) permite el presente perfecto: has been refurbished.
- «Has been refurbish» no lleva participio y «has being» no existe.
- A) Has that girl been asked about it? ✓
- B) Has that girl being asked about it?
- C) Has that girl be asking about it?
- Pregunta en presente perfecto pasivo: Has + sujeto + been + participio: Has that girl been asked?.
- «Has ... being» y «has ... be asking» no son pasivas válidas.
- A) Has that horrible crime been investigated? ✓
- B) Has that horrible crime being investigated?
- C) Has that horrible crime be investigated?
- Misma estructura: Has + sujeto + been + participio: Has that horrible crime been investigated?.
- A) Has this new territory been explored? ✓
- B) Has this new territory being explored?
- C) Has this territory be explored?
- Has this new territory been explored? Va con «been», nunca con «being» ni «be».
- A) Has Jean being driven to the meeting?
- B) Has Jean be driven to the meeting?
- C) Has Jean been driven to the meeting? ✓
- Has Jean been driven to the meeting? Participio de drive: driven.
- A) Has John being introduced to her mom?
- B) Has John been introduced to her mom? ✓
- C) Has John be introduced to her mom?
- Has John been introduced to her mom? Siempre «has + sujeto + been + participio».
7Problemas reales: de activa a pasiva
El objeto pasa a ser sujeto; el verbo se convierte en be + participio y el sujeto original va con by.
- A) Pride and Prejudice is written by Jane Austen.
- B) Pride and Prejudice was written by Jane Austen. ✓
- C) Pride and Prejudice has been written by Jane Austen.
- «Wrote» es pasado simple. En pasiva: was written (be en pasado + participio).
- El objeto («Pride and Prejudice») pasa a sujeto: Pride and Prejudice was written by Jane Austen..
- A) Jurassic Park directed Steven Spielberg.
- B) Jurassic Park was directed by Steven Spielberg. ✓
- C) Steven Spielberg directed Park Jurassic.
- Pasado simple: was directed. El objeto pasa al principio: Jurassic Park was directed by Steven Spielberg..
- Las demás opciones cambian el orden pero dejan el verbo en activa.
- A) The newspaper reads every day.
- B) The newspaper is read every day. ✓
- C) People are reading every day.
- «People» es un sujeto impersonal (la gente) y se omite en la pasiva. Presente simple: is read.
- El objeto pasa a sujeto: The newspaper is read every day..
- A) Handball plays on the beach.
- B) People are played handball on the beach.
- C) Handball is played on the beach. ✓
- Sujeto impersonal «people» que se omite. Presente simple pasivo: is played.
- «Handball is played on the beach.» Con «people are played» el sentido sería «la gente es jugada».
- A) Birthdays are given presents.
- B) People are giving presents on birthdays.
- C) Presents are given on birthdays. ✓
- Presente simple pasivo del objeto directo: Presents are given on birthdays..
- «Presents» es plural, así que are. «Birthdays are given presents» invierte el sentido.
- A) A big steak is brought to Fred.
- B) Fred is brought a big steak.
- C) A big steak is brought the waiter to Fred. ✓
- Con verbos como bring hay dos objetos, y se admiten dos pasivas: A big steak is brought to Fred o Fred is brought a big steak.
- La C (A big steak is brought the waiter to Fred) mezcla al camarero sin «by»: es la que no vale.
- A) Danny is asked a question by Kevin.
- B) A question is asked to Danny by Kevin.
- C) Danny asks a question by Kevin. ✓
- Dos pasivas posibles: Danny is asked a question by Kevin y A question is asked to Danny by Kevin.
- La C (Danny asks a question by Kevin) sigue en activa y lleva «by»: no vale.
8Problemas reales: «¿cuál NO es correcta?»
En este tipo se busca la que rompe la regla: o falta el participio o falta be.
- A) They believe that tobacco kills.
- B) It is believed that tobacco kills.
- C) Tobacco kills is believed. ✓
- Las dos primeras hablan de lo mismo: una activa (They believe that tobacco kills) y su versión impersonal (It is believed that tobacco kills).
- La C (Tobacco kills is believed) junta dos verbos sin estructura: no existe.
- A) Labrador retrievers usually training to be guide dogs. ✓
- B) Labrador retrievers are usually trained to be guide dogs.
- C) Labrador retrievers are trained to be guide dogs
- Una pasiva necesita el auxiliar be. En la A («Labrador retrievers usually training...») falta «are» y el verbo está en -ing: no es pasiva ni activa válida.
- La B y la C sí son correctas: are usually trained y are trained.
9Errores típicos
Las equivocaciones más habituales al responder este tema.
- Poner «been» o «being» donde va «be»Detrás de will o can va be: will be invited, no «will been».
- Poner «being» donde va «been»Detrás de has / have va been: Has John been introduced?, no «has being».
- Olvidar el participiocan be visited, no «can be visit». El verbo termina en -ed o es irregular.
- Quedarse en activaThe newspaper is read, no «The newspaper reads». El periódico no lee: lo leen.
- Confundir el tiempo«Yesterday» pide was / were, no «is». Mira la pista antes que las opciones.
- Participios irregulares inventadosgrown (no «growed»), made (no «maked»).
10Comprueba lo que sabes
Preguntas de práctica de CazaPlazas, para repasar este tema. No son preguntas de examen. Toca una opción para ver la respuesta.
Preguntas de práctica de tres opciones, como en el examen real.
Pregunta 1 de 8
Seleccione la opción correcta:
Pregunta 2 de 8
Seleccione la opción correcta:
Pregunta 3 de 8
Seleccione la opción correcta:
Pregunta 4 de 8
“Spanish ___ in many countries”.
Pregunta 5 de 8
Seleccione la opción correcta para convertir en pasiva: People sell fruit in the market.
Pregunta 6 de 8
“The new bridge ___ last year”.
Pregunta 7 de 8
¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones NO es correcta?
Pregunta 8 de 8
“The documents ___ before Friday”.
1. Seleccione la opción correcta:
A. The letter was write by Anna.
B. The letter was written by Anna.
C. The letter was wrote by Anna.
2. Seleccione la opción correcta:
A. The room will be cleaned tomorrow.
B. The room will been cleaned tomorrow.
C. The room will being cleaned tomorrow.
3. Seleccione la opción correcta:
A. Has the window being broken?
B. Has the window be broken?
C. Has the window been broken?
4. “Spanish ___ in many countries”.
A. speaks.
B. is spoken.
C. is speak.
5. Seleccione la opción correcta para convertir en pasiva: People sell fruit in the market.
A. Fruit is sold in the market.
B. Fruit sells in the market.
C. People are sold fruit in the market.
6. “The new bridge ___ last year”.
A. is built.
B. was built.
C. has built.
7. ¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones NO es correcta?
A. The cake was eaten by the children.
B. The cake was eaten the children.
C. The children ate the cake.
8. “The documents ___ before Friday”.
A. must be signed.
B. must been signed.
C. must being signed.
Soluciones
1. B. Pasado pasivo: was + participio. El participio de «write» es «written».
2. A. Detrás de «will» va «be» + participio: will be cleaned.
3. C. Pregunta de presente perfecto pasivo: Has + sujeto + been + participio.
4. B. Es una verdad general: presente pasivo, is + participio de «speak»: spoken.
5. A. El objeto «fruit» pasa a sujeto; el verbo en presente pasivo: is sold.
6. B. «Last year» marca pasado: was + participio, was built.
7. B. Falta «by» delante del que hizo la acción: «was eaten by the children».
8. A. Después de un modal va «be» + participio: must be signed. «Must been» y «must being» no existen.
La chuleta de 30 segundos
- Receta: to be (en el tiempo que toque) + participio. El que hace la acción, con «by».
- Detrás de will / can / must: «be» + participio (will be invited).
- Detrás de has / have: «been» + participio (has been asked).
- En continuo: «is / was being» + participio (is being built).
- Participios irregulares: made, given, driven, grown, written, spoken, brought.
- Pasiva de dos objetos: Danny is asked a question / A question is asked to Danny.
- «¿Cuál NO es correcta?»: busca la que no tiene «be» o no tiene participio.
Temario elaborado por Adrián Jara Jordán
Diseñador y fundador de CazaPlazas.es
Elaborado a partir de las preguntas de las convocatorias oficiales de la UNED de Inglés y de los temas oficiales de la asignatura.
Material elaborado por CazaPlazas. No es material oficial de la UNED.
© 2026 Adrián Jara Jordán. CazaPlazas.es. Todos los derechos reservados. Queda prohibida la reproducción, distribución o comunicación pública de esta ficha, total o parcial, sin autorización previa y por escrito del autor.