SEPTIEMBRE 2021 · MODELO AInglés
20 preguntas · respuesta correcta señalada y explicada paso a paso
TEXTO DE COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA
The English countryside is a great place to find peace and quiet, somewhere to enjoy the scenery, enjoy nature and fresh air. It is also famous also for the dramatic battles of the past. Corfe Castle, in the south of England, had a key place during the Civil War that was fought in the 17th century.
The English Civil War was the last one fought on English soil. King Charles I was fighting for his throne. His supporters were called the Royalists. They were fighting against the Parliamentarians, led by Oliver Cromwell, who didn't want the King to be in charge.
Every year the members of the English Civil War Society meet to put up a good show, they come here to turn back the clock to the year 1645. They meet to recreate the siege of the castle as it happened then. Why do they do it? They like meeting up with old friends, having a good time and visiting places that probably they wouldn't normally go to. Their activities are open to the general public. Many families with children come to enjoy the historical representation.
The members of the Society are not professional actors, but they like to bring history alive and they do everything themselves: they wear period clothes and try to reproduce as faithfully as possible the historical events they revive. For example, the muskets use real gunpowder and are incredibly loud.
What happened in the English Civil War? The Royalists lost the war and the King lost his head, literally! King Charles I was beheaded in 1649. Eleven years later, his son regained the throne. Britain has had a royal family ever since, but political power lies now with the Parliament.
01Comprensión lectora
The text…
atells the story of the Battle of Corfe Castle.
bdescribes a historical battle that took place around Corfe Castle.✓ correcta
cgives a touristic description of Corfe Castle.
Por qué: El texto describe el papel del castillo durante la Guerra Civil inglesa y cómo se recrea hoy ese asedio, no narra “la Batalla del Castillo de Corfe” como un evento único ni es solo una descripción turística.
02Comprensión lectora
What is the meaning of the phrase “had a key place” in paragraph 1?
aplayed an important role.✓ correcta
bhad the key to the victory in the war.
cwas a famous place at the time of the war.
Por qué: “Had a key place” significa que el castillo jugó un papel importante/clave durante la guerra, no que tuviera literalmente “la llave de la victoria” ni que fuera simplemente famoso.
03Comprensión lectora
Which of these sentences is NOT true, according to the text?
aThe English Civil War Society organize historical recreations.
bThe Society acts as professional actors to organize the historical show.✓ correcta
cPeople are welcome to come and watch the show.
Por qué: El texto dice explícitamente que los miembros de la Sociedad “are not professional actors”, así que la opción b) es la falsa.
04Comprensión lectora
Which of the following options is best for “put up” in paragraph 3?
abuild, erect.
baccommodate, give shelter.
cdisplay, exhibit.✓ correcta
Por qué: En el contexto “to put up a good show” significa montar/ofrecer un buen espectáculo, es decir, mostrarlo o exhibirlo (“display, exhibit”), no construirlo físicamente ni darle alojamiento.
05Comprensión lectora
One of the following sentences is TRUE. Which one?
aSince the 17th century, there have been several wars in England.
bEngland has always been a monarchy since 1660.✓ correcta
cKing Charles was the last English king of the 17th century.
Por qué: El texto dice que once años después de la ejecución de Carlos I (1649+11=1660) su hijo recuperó el trono y que desde entonces Gran Bretaña ha tenido siempre familia real (“Britain has had a royal family ever since”), lo que confirma la opción b). Además el texto dice que esta fue la última guerra civil librada en suelo inglés, contradiciendo la a), y Carlos I no fue el último rey inglés del siglo XVII (su hijo reinó después), contradiciendo la c).
06Formas verbales
I like ___ tennis when I ___ to the gym on Sunday.
aplaying / have gone
bplay / go
cplaying / go✓ correcta
Por qué: “Like” + gerundio (“playing”) para expresar gustos, y presente simple (“go”) para una rutina habitual los domingos.
07Tiempos verbales
Her sister ___ a beautiful ode when the sun ___ later.
awill recite/sets✓ correcta
brecited / set
crecites / sets
Por qué: Es una oración temporal de futuro: futuro simple en la principal (“will recite”) y presente simple en la subordinada de tiempo (“sets”), como ocurre siempre con “when” referido a futuro.
08Modales
“___ read in French or just in German, Jürgen? You have a special talent for languages.”
aHave you
bAre you
cCan you✓ correcta
Por qué: Se pregunta por una capacidad (“¿sabes/puedes leer en francés?”), así que corresponde el modal “can”.
09Vocabulario
It's 20 ___. It's not really cold for a walk!
agrades
bdegrees✓ correcta
ctemperature
Por qué: “Degrees” son los grados de temperatura. “Grades” son calificaciones/notas y “temperature” no encaja con el número delante.
10Comparativos y superlativos
This make-up is ___ than the one I used when I was younger.
abetter✓ correcta
bbest
cmore good
Por qué: El comparativo de “good” es el irregular “better”. “Best” es el superlativo y “more good” no es una forma correcta.
11Verbos preposicionales
Did Sarah ___ her sunglasses because she could not see well?
atakes off
btake off✓ correcta
ctook off
Por qué: Tras el auxiliar “Did” en una pregunta, el verbo principal va en infinitivo sin “to”: “Did Sarah take off...?”.
12Preposiciones y artículos
We met my parents-in-law three times ___ year.
Por qué: “Three times a year” (tres veces al año) usa el artículo indefinido “a” con el sentido de “por” (per year).
13Genitivo sajón
Could you see my brother Charles? I am ___ sister.
aCharles's✓ correcta
bCharles
cCharle's
Por qué: El genitivo sajón para un nombre propio terminado en “-s” añade “'s”: “Charles's sister”.
14Vocabulario
¿Cuál de estas palabras no está relacionada con comida?
abreakfast
bbrunch
cbranch✓ correcta
Por qué: “Branch” significa “rama”, no tiene relación con comida; “breakfast” (desayuno) y “brunch” (combinación de desayuno y almuerzo) sí la tienen.
15Pronombres relativos
This is the director ___ movie was shot in June last year.
awho
bwhose✓ correcta
cwhich
Por qué: “Whose” es el pronombre relativo posesivo (de quien/cuyo), necesario aquí porque “movie” pertenece al director: “the director whose movie...”.
16Modales
It's really cloudy! It ___ rain in London later.
Por qué: “May” expresa posibilidad (puede que llueva), justo el sentido de la frase ante un cielo nublado. “Has” y “would” no encajan gramaticalmente ahí.
17Vocabulario
Elija la palabra que complete la frase de la forma más adecuada: “Miami is the only city ___ by a woman,” the historian said.
afind
bfounded✓ correcta
cfond
Por qué: “Founded” (fundada) es la forma correcta para una ciudad fundada por una mujer, en participio pasado de “found” (fundar). “Find” es “encontrar” y “fond” es “aficionado a”.
18Voz pasiva
Seleccione la opción correcta:
aMy coat will be altered by an expert dressmaker.✓ correcta
bMy coat will being altered by an expert dressmaker.
cMy coat will been altered by an expert dressmaker.
Por qué: La pasiva de futuro simple se forma con “will be” + participio: “will be altered”. Las otras dos opciones tienen formas verbales incorrectas.
19Voz pasiva
Seleccione la opción correcta:
aThat Soviet spy is been enquired by Scotland Yard.
bThat Soviet spy is being enquired by Scotland Yard.✓ correcta
cThat Soviet spy is be enquired by Scotland Yard.
Por qué: La pasiva de presente continuo se forma con “is being” + participio: “is being enquired”. Las otras dos opciones no son formas verbales correctas.
20Orden de palabras
Ordene la frase: Bought / in the grocer's /a nice apple pie / yesterday evening / very quickly / I / also /
aAlso I bought very quickly a nice apple pie yesterday evening in the grocer's.
bI bought very quickly also a nice apple pie in the grocer's yesterday evening.
cI also bought a nice apple pie very quickly in the grocer's yesterday evening.✓ correcta
Por qué: El orden natural en inglés es: sujeto (I) + adverbio de frecuencia (also) + verbo (bought) + objeto (a nice apple pie) + modo (very quickly) + lugar (in the grocer's) + tiempo (yesterday evening).
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